Pine Herbal Monograph

Latin Name: Pinus spp. (including: P. edulis, P. ponderosa, P. aristata, P. strobus, P. contorta, P. strobus, P. sylvestris) Common Name: Pine Parts Used: needles, seeds, bark, resin, pollen, roots Needle Constituents: leucocyanidin, neoabietinic acid, pinosylvin monomethyl ester, strobic acid, antioxidants, volatile oils including α-terpineol (30.2%), linalool (24.47%), limonene (17.01%), anethole (14.57%), caryophyllene (3.14%), and…

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